Halacha
הלכה א
הַמְמַלֵא בַּקִּילוֹן הַמַּיִם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים בַּקִּילוֹן הֲרֵי הֵן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן עַד שְׁלֹשָׁה יָמִים אֲבָל אַחַר שְׁלֹשָׁה יָמִים אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן אֶלָּא אִם נִשְׁאַר שָׁם מַשְׁקֶה אֵינוֹ מַכְשִׁיר:
כסף משנה
1.
When a person draws water with a cylinder, the water remaining in the cylinder is considered as having been willfully uprooted for three days. After being left for three days, however, it is not considered to have been uprooted willfully. Instead, if liquid remains there, it does not make foods subject to impurity.הלכה ב
עֵצִים שֶׁנָּפְלוּ עֲלֵיהֶן מַשְׁקִין בְּרָצוֹן וְיָרְדוּ עֲלֵיהֶן גְּשָׁמִים שֶׁלֹּא לְרָצוֹן אִם רַבּוּ הֲרֵי כֻּלָּן שֶׁלֹּא לְרָצוֹן. הוֹצִיאָן שֶׁיֵּרְדוּ עֲלֵיהֶן גְּשָׁמִים אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁרַבּוּ הֲרֵי כֻּלָּן לְרָצוֹן. הָיוּ רַגְלָיו אוֹ רַגְלֵי בְּהֶמְתּוֹ מְלֵאוֹת טִיט וְעָבַר בַּנָּהָר וְרָחֲצוּ אִם שָׂמַח הֲרֵי הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין עֲלֵיהֶן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן וְאִם לָאו אֵינָן בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
2.
When wood was exposed to liquids willfully, but rain fell upon it against the person's will, if there was more rain than liquid, all of the liquid on the wood is considered to have come against the person's will. If he brought wood out so that the rain would fall upon it, even though there is a majority of rainwater, all of the liquid is considered as having been poured on the wood willfully.When a person's feet or the feet of his animal were filled with mud and he crossed a river and rinsed them, if he was happy, the water on his or their feet is considered to have been uprooted willfully. If he was not happy, they are not considered as uprooted willfully.
הלכה ג
הַמּוֹרִיד אֶת הַגַּלְגַּלִּים וְאֶת כְּלֵי הַבָּקָר בִּשְׁעַת הַקָּדִים לַמַּיִם כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּסָּתְמוּ הַסְּדָקִין שֶׁבָּעֵץ הֲרֵי הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין בָּהֶן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
3.
When a person brings wooden wheels and implements used for oxen into water during the summer when the east wind blows so that the cracks in the wood will seal, the water that ascends with them is considered as having been uprooted willfully.הלכה ד
הַמּוֹרִיד אֶת הַבְּהֵמָה לִשְׁתּוֹת הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין בְּפִיהָ תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן וּבְרַגְלֶיהָ אֵינָן כִּתְלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן אֶלָּא אִם חִשֵּׁב שֶׁיּוּדְחוּ רַגְלֶיהָ. וּבִשְׁעַת הַחֹרֶף וְהַדַּיִשׁ אַף שֶׁבְּרַגְלֶיהָ תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. הוֹרִידָהּ חֵרֵשׁ שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁחָשַׁב שֶׁיּוּדְחוּ רַגְלֶיהָ הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין בְּרַגְלֶיהָ אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהֶן מַעֲשֶׂה וְאֵין לָהֶן מַחֲשָׁבָה:
כסף משנה
4.
When a person leads an animal down to a stream to drink, the water that ascend with its mouth is considered as having been uprooted willfully. The water that ascends on its feet are not considered as having been uprooted willfully, unless he had the intent that its feet be rinsed. When the animal's feet are diseased, and in the threshing season, even the water on its feet is considered as having been uprooted willfully.If a deafmute, a mentally or emotionally compromised person, or a minor brought the animal to drink, even if he intended that its feet be washed, the water that ascends on its feet is not considered to have been uprooted willfully, because the deeds of such individuals are halachically significant, but their intent is not.
הלכה ה
הַטּוֹבֵל בְּמַיִם הֲרֵי כָּל הַמַּיִם שֶׁעַל בְּשָׂרוֹ תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. אֲבָל הָעוֹבֵר בְּמַיִם כָּל הַמַּיִם שֶׁעַל בְּשָׂרוֹ אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
5.
When a person immerses himself in water, the water on his body is considered to have been uprooted willfully. If, however, one passes through water, all of the water on his body is not considered to have been willfully uprooted.הלכה ו
מִי שֶׁטָּבַל בַּנָּהָר וְהָיָה לְפָנָיו נָהָר אַחֵר וְעָבַר בּוֹ בִּטְּלוּ הַשְּׁנִיִּים אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים וַהֲרֵי הַמַּיִם שֶׁעָלָיו אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וְכֵן אִם דָּחָהוּ חֲבֵרוֹ לִשַׁבְּרוֹ אוֹ לִשַׁבֵּר בְּהֶמְתּוֹ בָּטְלוּ הַמַּיִם הָרִאשׁוֹנִים. אֲבָל אִם דָּחָהוּ דֶּרֶךְ שְׂחוֹק לֹא בָּטְלוּ אֶלָּא הֲרֵי הַמַּיִם שֶׁעָלָיו תְּלוּשִׁין לְרָצוֹן. טָבַל בַּנָּהָר וְעָלָה וְיָרְדוּ עָלָיו גְּשָׁמִים אִם רַבּוּ עָלָיו גְּשָׁמִים הֲרֵי בָּטְלוּ מַיִם הָרִאשׁוֹנִים וַהֲרֵי כָּל הַמַּיִם שֶׁעָלָיו אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
6.
When a person immerses himself in a river and there was another river before him and he crossed it, the second water nullifies the presence of the first water and the water on his body is not considered as having been uprooted willfully.Similarly, if a person's friend pushed him or his animal into a pool, the presence of the first water is nullified. If, however, he pushed him in jest, the second water does not nullify the first and the water that is on his body is considered as having been uprooted willfully.
If a person immerses himself in a river and ascended and then, rain fell upon him, should there be more rainwater than river water on his body, the rainwater nullifies the presence of the first water and the water on his body is not considered as having been uprooted willfully.
הלכה ז
הַשָּׁט עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם הַמַּיִם הַנִּתָּזִין אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וְהַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין עָלָיו תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. אִם נִתְכַּוֵּן לְהַתִּיז עַל חֲבֵרוֹ אַף הַנִּתָּזִין תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
7.
When a person is swimming on the surface of water, the water he splashes is not considered as having been uprooted willfully. The water on his body, however, is considered as having been uprooted willfully. If he intended to splash water on a friend, the water he splashes is considered as uprooted willfully.הלכה ח
הָעוֹשֶׂה צִפּוֹר בַּמַּיִם הַמַּיִם הַנִּתָּזִין וְאֶת שֶׁבָּהּ אֵינָם תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
8.
When a person makes a squirting spout in the water, the water squirted from it and within it are not considered as uprooted willfully.הלכה ט
הַמּוֹדֵד אֶת הַבּוֹר לֵידַע עָמְקוֹ מַיִם הָעוֹלִין בְּיָדוֹ וּבַדָּבָר שֶׁמָּדַד בּוֹ תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וְאִם מָדַד רָחְבּוֹ מַיִם הָעוֹלִין בְּיָדָיו אוֹ בְּדָבָר שֶׁמָּדַד בּוֹ אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. פָּשַׁט יָדוֹ אוֹ רַגְלוֹ לַבּוֹר לֵידַע אִם יֵשׁ בּוֹ מַיִם הֲרֵי הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין בְּיָדוֹ אוֹ בְּרַגְלוֹ אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. פְּשָׁטָן לֵידַע כַּמָּה מַיִם שָׁם הָעוֹלִין בָּהֶן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. זָרַק אֶבֶן לַבּוֹר לֵידַע אִם יֵשׁ בּוֹ מַיִם מַיִם הַנִּתָּזִין אֵינָן בְּרָצוֹן וְשֶׁעַל הָאֶבֶן אֵינָן כִּתְלוּשִׁין:
כסף משנה
9.
When a person measures a cistern to find out how deep it is, the water that ascends on his hand and on the article with which he measures is considered as having been uprooted willfully. If he measures its width, the water that ascends on his hand and on the article with which he measures is not considered as having been uprooted willfully.If a person extends his hand or foot into a cistern to see whether it contains water, the water that ascends on his hand or foot is not considered as having been uprooted willfully. If he extends them to see how much water is there, the water that ascends on his hand or foot is considered as having been uprooted willfully. If he casts a stone into a cistern to see if it contains water, the water that is splashed is not considered as uprooted willfully. Similarly, the water on the stone is not considered as uprooted willfully.
הלכה י
הַחוֹבֵט עַל הַשֶּׁלַח חוּץ לַמַּיִם הַנִּתָּזִין מִמֶּנּוּ תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן שֶׁהֲרֵי רְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ. חָבַט עָלָיו וְהוּא בְּתוֹךְ הַמַּיִם אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
10.
If a person beats a hide from which the wool has not been separated while it is outside the water, the water that is expelled from it is considered as having been uprooted willfully, for his desire is that the water be expelled. If, however, he beats it while it is in the water, the water is not considered as having been uprooted willfully.הלכה יא
הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִין בַּסְּפִינָה וּבָעֶקֶל וּבַמְּשׁוֹטוֹת אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וּבַמְּצוּדוֹת וּבָרְשָׁתוֹת וּבַמִּכְמוֹרוֹת אֵינָם תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וְאִם נִעֵר תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וְכֵן הַמַּיִם שֶׁעַל הַקַּסְיָה [שֶׁל] שֻׁלְחָנוֹת וְעַל הַשָּׂפָה שֶׁל לְבֵנִים אֵינָן בְּרָצוֹן. וְאִם נִעֵר הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
11.
The water that ascends on a ship, its reservoir, and its oars is not considered to have been uprooted willfully. Similarly, the water on the snares, nets, and meshes is not considered to have been uprooted willfully. If one shakes them out, it is considered to have been uprooted willfully.Similarly, the water on the table-coverings or coverings for bricks is not considered to have been uprooted willfully. If one shakes them out, it is considered to have been uprooted willfully.
הלכה יב
הַמּוֹלִיךְ אֶת הַסְּפִינָה לַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל לְצָרְפָהּ. הַמּוֹצִיא מַסְמֵר לַגְּשָׁמִים לְצָרְפוֹ. הַמַּנִּיחַ אֶת הָאוּד בַּגְּשָׁמִים לַעֲשׂוֹתוֹ [פֶּחָם]. הֲרֵי הַמַּיִם שֶׁעֲלֵיהֶן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. אֲבָל הַמּוֹצִיא אֶת הַמַּסְמֵר וְאֶת הָאוּד לַגְּשָׁמִים לְכַבּוֹתָן אֵין הַמַּיִם שֶׁעֲלֵיהֶן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
12.
When a person takes a ship out to the Mediterranean Sea to strengthen it, takes a peg out to the rain to harden it, or takes a firebrand out to the rain to make it a coal, the water on them is considered to have been uprooted willfully. If, however, one takes a glowing peg or a firebrand out to the rain to quench their fire, the water on them is not considered to have been uprooted willfully.הלכה יג
שִׁלְשֵׁל אֶת הַמְּשׁוֹלֶת לַבּוֹר לְהַעֲלוֹת בָּהּ כְּלִי אוֹ קִיתוֹן. שִׁלְשֵׁל אֶת הַכַּלְכָּלָה לַבּוֹר כְּדֵי שֶׁתֵּשֵׁב עָלֶיהָ (אֶת) הַתַּרְנְגלֶת. אֵין הַמַּיִם שֶׁעָלֶיהָ תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
13.
When one lowers a chain with a hook into a cistern to lift up a container or a pitcher or one lowered a basket into a cistern so that a chicken would sit on it, the water on these objects is not considered to have been uprooted willfully.הלכה יד
הַמְמַחֵק אֶת הַכְּרֵישָׁה לְהָסִיר הַמַּיִם שֶׁעָלֶיהָ וְהַסּוֹחֵט שְׂעָרוֹ בִּכְסוּתוֹ הַמַּיִם הַיּוֹצְאִין תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִין אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן מִפְּנֵי שֶׁרְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ מִכֻּלָּן. וּכְרֵישָׁה עַצְמָהּ הֻכְשְׁרָה שֶׁבִּשְׁעַת פְּרִישָׁתָהּ מַכְשִׁירִין. וְאִם נִתֵּק הַמַּיִם מֵעָלֶיהָ בְּכָל כֹּחוֹ לֹא הֻכְשְׁרָה:
כסף משנה
14.
When one smoothes out cress to remove the water on it or one squeezes the water on his hair into his garments, the water that emerges is considered to have been uprooted willfully. The water that remains is not considered to have been uprooted willfully, because he desired that all of the water be purged originally.The cress itself becomes susceptible to impurity, because the water makes it susceptible to impurity when it departs. If he removed the water from it with all his power, it does not become susceptible to impurity.
הלכה טו
הַמַּרְעִיד אֶת הָאִילָן לְהַשִּׁיר מִמֶּנּוּ אֳכָלִין אוֹ לְהַשִּׁיר טֻמְאָה הַמַּיִם הַנִּתָּזִין מִמֶּנָּה אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. הִרְעִידוֹ לְהַשִּׁיר מִמֶּנּוּ מַשְׁקִין הַיּוֹצְאִין הֲרֵי הֵן תְּלוּשִׁין. וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִין בּוֹ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנָּשְׁרוּ מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מִתְכַּוֵּן שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ מִכֻּלּוֹ. וְכֵן אִם נִתְּזוּ עַל הַמְחֻבָּרִין אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
15.
When a person shakes a tree to cause food that had been placed there or an impure object to descend, the water which sputters from it is not considered to have been uprooted willfully. If he shook it to remove the liquids, the liquids that fall are considered to have been uprooted willfully. The liquids that remain inside it are not considered to have been uprooted willfully even though they moved from place to place, because his intent was that they be removed entirely. Similarly, if the liquids sputter on produce that is connected to the ground, they are not considered to have been uprooted willfully.הלכה טז
הַמַּרְעִיד אֶת הָאִילָן וְנָפַל עַל חֲבֵרוֹ אוֹ סֻכָּה וְנָפְלָה עַל חֲבֶרְתָּהּ וְתַחְתֵּיהֶן זְרָעִים וִירָקוֹת מְחֻבָּרִים לַקַּרְקַע וְנָפְלוּ הַמַּיִם עַל הַפֵּרוֹת הַמְחֻבָּרִין שֶׁתַּחְתֵּיהֶן אוֹתָן הַמַּיִם שֶׁבַּזְּרָעִים וְשֶׁבַּיְרָקוֹת אֵינָן תְּלוּשִׁין בְּרָצוֹן:
כסף משנה
16.
When a person shakes a tree and water from it falls on another tree or a branch and then the water fell on other branches under which there were plants and vegetables attached to the ground, the water on the plants or the vegetables are not considered to have been uprooted willfully.הלכה יז
שְׁמָרִים שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה שֶׁנָּתַן עֲלֵיהֶן מַיִם כְּבָר בֵּאַרְנוּ בִּתְרוּמוֹת שֶׁהָרִאשׁוֹן וְהַשֵּׁנִי אָסוּר לְזָרִים וְשֶׁל הֶקְדֵּשׁ בֶּדֶק הַבַּיִת אַף הַשְּׁלִישִׁי אָסוּר. וְשֶׁל קָדְשֵׁי מִזְבֵּחַ לְעוֹלָם אָסוּר. וְשֶׁל מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי הַוַּדַּאי רִאשׁוֹן בִּלְבַד אָסוּר. כְּשֵׁם שֶׁאָמְרוּ לְעִנְיַן אִסּוּרָן כָּךְ אָמְרוּ לְעִנְיַן הֶכְשֵׁרָן. כְּגוֹן שֶׁנִּתְמְדוּ מֵאֲלֵיהֶן וְהָיְתָה בְּהֵמָה שׁוֹתָה רִאשׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן. שֶׁאִם הָיָה הָאָדָם הוּא שֶׁמֵּסִיר הַמַּיִם הָרִאשׁוֹנִים אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמֵּאֲלֵיהֶן נָפְלוּ כֵּיוָן שֶׁחֲשָׁבָן וְהִקְפִּיד עֲלֵיהֶן מַכְשִׁירִין:
כסף משנה
17.
As explained in Hilchot Terumot , when one poured water over wine dregs that were terumah, the first and second batches produced are forbidden to non-priests. If the dregs had come from grapes consecrated for improvements for the Temple, even the third batch is forbidden. And if the grapes were consecrated for use for the Altar, all mixtures are forbidden. If the grapes are definitely from the second tithe, only the first batch is forbidden.Just as these groundrules were established with regard to prohibitions, so too, they are applied with regard to the mixture making foods susceptible to ritual impurity. For example, water became mixed with dregs on its own accord and an animal drank one mixture after another. An animal is mentioned, because if, by contrast, a person would remove the first water, even though the water fell on its own accord, since a person gave thought to it and objected to its presence, it is considered significant and imparts impurity.