Halacha
הלכה א
קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק הַדָּם. נִזְרַק הַדָּם מוֹעֲלִין בְּאֵימוּרֵיהֶן עַד שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ לְבֵית הַדֶּשֶׁן שֶׁהֲרֵי הֵן לָאִשִּׁים וְאֵין מוֹעֲלִין בְּדָבָר הַנֶּאֱכָל כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ. אֲפִלּוּ הֶעֱלָה הָאֵימוּרִין שֶׁלָּהֶן לַמִּזְבֵּחַ קֹדֶם זְרִיקָה אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק הַדָּם. הוֹצִיא אֵימוּרֵיהֶן לַחוּץ קֹדֶם זְרִיקָה אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק הַדָּם. נִזְרַק הַדָּם אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן הֵן בַּחוּץ וְלֹא הֶחְזִירָן מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. שֶׁהַזְּרִיקָה מוֹעֶלֶת לַיּוֹצֵא בֵּין לְהָקֵל בֵּין לְהַחְמִיר:
כסף משנה
1.
The prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to sacrifices of a lesser degree of sanctity until the blood has been cast on the altar. If the blood has been cast on the altar, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to the fats and organs until they are taken to the ash heap, for they are designated for the altar's pyre. The prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to an entity that is to be eaten, as explained.Even if the fats and the organs were brought to the altar before the blood was cast upon it, the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply until the blood is cast. If the fats and the organs were taken outside the Temple Courtyard before the blood was cast, the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply until the blood is cast. If the blood was cast while they were outside and they had not been brought back in, the prohibition against me'ilah does apply, for casting the blood has an effect on the status of a sacrifice, whether it leads to a lenient ruling or a stringent one.
הלכה ב
כָּל קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק הַדָּם. נִזְרַק הַדָּם מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן בְּדָבָר שֶׁכֻּלּוֹ לָאִשִּׁים עַד שֶׁיִּשָּׂרֵף וְיֵצֵא לְבֵית הַדֶּשֶׁן וְאֵין מוֹעֲלִין בְּדָבָר הַנֶּאֱכָל כְּמוֹ שֶׁבֵּאַרְנוּ:
כסף משנה
2.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to all the sacrifices of the most sacred order from the time they were consecrated until the blood is cast upon the altar. Once the blood is cast, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to the portions of them that are to be consumed entirely by the altar's pyre until they are burnt and taken to the ash heap. The prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to the portions that are to be eaten, as explained.הלכה ג
כֵּיצַד הָעוֹלָה. אֶחָד עוֹלַת הָעוֹף וְאֶחָד עוֹלַת בְּהֵמָה וְהַקֹּמֶץ וְהַלְּבוֹנָה וּמִנְחַת כֹּהֲנִים וְהַחֲבִיתִין וּמִנְחַת נְסָכִים מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן מִשְּׁעַת הֶקְדֵּשָׁן עַד שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ אַחַר שְׂרֵפָתָן עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לְבֵית הַדֶּשֶׁן:
כסף משנה
3.
What is implied? The prohibition against me'ilah applies to a burnt-offering - both of fowl and of an animal, the handful of meal and the frankincense from a meal-offering, a meal-offering of priests, the chavitin offering of the High Priest, and the meal-offering of the accompanying offerings, from the time they were consecrated until they were taken out to the ash heap after being burnt on the altar.הלכה ד
וְכֵן פָּרִים הַנִּשְׂרָפִין וּשְׂעִירִים הַנִּשְׂרָפִין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן מִשְּׁעַת הֶקְדֵּשָׁן עַד שֶׁיִּשָּׂרְפוּ וְתִגָּמֵר שְׂרֵפָתָן בְּבֵית הַדֶּשֶׁן וְיִתֹךְ הַבָּשָׂר. אֲבָל קֹדֶם שֶׁיִּתֹךְ מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ וְהוּא בְּבֵית הַדֶּשֶׁן:
כסף משנה
4.
Similarly, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to the bull and the goats that are burnt from the time they were consecrated until they are burnt - and their burning is complete - in the ash heap and their meat is burnt thoroughly, in their entirety. Before it is burnt thoroughly, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to it even though it is in the ash heap.הלכה ה
וְכֵן פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה מוֹעֲלִין בָּהּ מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשָׁה עַד שֶׁתֵּעָשֶׂה אֵפֶר. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהִיא כְּקָדְשֵׁי בֶּדֶק הַבַּיִת הֲרֵי נֶאֱמַר בָּהּ (במדבר יט ט) "חַטָּאת הִיא". וּתְנַאי בֵּית דִּין הוּא שֶׁלֹּא יִמְעל אָדָם בְּאֵפֶר הַפָּרָה:
כסף משנה
5.
Similarly, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to the red heifer from the time it was consecrated until it was reduced to ash. Even though its status is that of an entity consecrated for the improvement of the Temple, concerning it, Numbers 19:9 states: "It is a sin-offering." It is one of the conditions established by the court that a person does not violate the prohibition against me'ilah with the ashes of the red heifer.הלכה ו
חַטַּאת בְּהֵמָה וְאָשָׁם וְזִבְחֵי שַׁלְמֵי צִבּוּר מוֹעֲלִים בְּכֻלָּן מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק הַדָּם. נִזְרַק הַדָּם מוֹעֲלִין בְּאֵימוּרֵיהֶן עַד שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ לְבֵית הַדֶּשֶׁן. וְאֵין מוֹעֲלִין בַּבָּשָׂר. וְכֵן חַטַּאת הָעוֹף מוֹעֲלִין בָּהּ מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ עַד שֶׁיַּזֶּה דָּמָהּ. הֻזָּה דָּמָהּ אֵין בָּהּ מְעִילָה. אֲבָל אָסוּר לֵהָנוֹת בְּמֻרְאָתָהּ וְנוֹצָתָהּ. וְהַנֶּהֱנֶה בָּהֶן אַחַר הַזָּיָה לֹא מָעַל:
כסף משנה
6.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to all the following: sin-offerings of animals, guilt-offerings, and communal peace-offerings from the time they were consecrated until the blood is cast on the altar. Once the blood is cast, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to their organs and fats until they are taken to the ash heap. The prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to the meat.Similarly, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to a sin-offering of fowl from the time it is consecrated until its blood is presented on the altar. After its blood was presented, the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply. It is, however, forbidden to benefit from its murah and its feathers. If one benefits from them after the blood is presented, he does not violate the prohibition against me'ilah.
הלכה ז
הַמְּנָחוֹת מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נִתְקַדְּשׁוּ בִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת עַד שֶׁיַּקְטִיר הַקֹּמֶץ. קָרַב הַקֹּמֶץ הֻתְּרוּ הַשְּׁיָרִים בַּאֲכִילָה. וְאִם נִפְסְלוּ הַשְּׁיָרִים אוֹ חָסְרוּ וְאַחַר כָּךְ הִקְטִיר הַקֹּמֶץ הוֹאִיל וְהַקְטָרָה זוֹ אֵינָהּ מַתֶּרֶת הַשְּׁיָרִים בַּאֲכִילָה הֲרֵי הַדָּבָר סָפֵק אִם יָצְאוּ יְדֵי מְעִילָה אוֹ לֹא יָצְאוּ:
כסף משנה
7.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to meal-offerings from the time they were consecrated, even though they have not become consecrated by being placed in a sacred utensil, until the handful of meal is offered on the altar's pyre. Once the handful is offered, the remainder of the offering is permitted to be eaten. If the remainder of the offering becomes disqualified or lacking in substance and then the handful is offered, a question arises. Since offering the handful does not cause the remainder to be permitted to be eaten in such a situation, there is an unresolved doubt if the meal-offering is absolved from the prohibition against me'ilah or not.הלכה ח
לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ מִשֶּׁהֻקְדַּשׁ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נֶאֱפָה עַד שֶׁיַּקְטִיר הַבְּזִיכִין. הִקְטִיר הַבְּזִיכִין הֻתַּר בַּאֲכִילָה. וְכֵן שְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ קֹדֶם שֶׁיֵּאָפוּ עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק דַּם הַכְּבָשִׂים. נִזְרַק דַּם הַכְּבָשִׂים הֻתַּר בַּאֲכִילָה:
כסף משנה
8.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to the showbread from the time it was consecrated - even though it was not baked - until the bowls of frankincense are offered on the altar's pyre. Once the bowls of frankincense were offered, it is permitted to be eaten. Similarly, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to the two loaves of Shavuot from the time they were consecrated, even before they were baked, until the blood of the sheep is cast on the altar. After the blood of the sheep was cast, they are permitted to be eaten.הלכה ט
הַנְּסָכִים מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ. יָרְדוּ לַשִּׁיתִין אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. מַיִם שֶׁמְּנַסְּכִים בְּחַג הַסֻּכּוֹת כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהֵן בְּכַד שֶׁל זָהָב אֵין נֶהֱנִין בָּהֶן וְהַנֶּהֱנֶה לֹא מָעַל. נָתְנוּ אוֹתָן בִּצְלוֹחִית מוֹעֲלִין בְּכֻלָּן. שֶׁהֲרֵי הֵן מִכְּלַל הַנְּסָכִים:
כסף משנה
9.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to the libations once they have been consecrated. Once they are poured and descend to the shittin,the prohibition against me'ilah no longer applies.As long as the water which is poured as a libation on the Sukkot holiday is in the golden jug, benefit should not be derived from it, but one who benefits is not liable for me'ilah. If it was placed in the pitcher, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to it in its entirety, for it is one of the libations.
הלכה י
לוֹג שֶׁמֶן שֶׁל מְצֹרָע מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ מִשֶּׁהֻקְדַּשׁ בִּכְלִי עַד שֶׁיִּזָּרֵק דַּם הָאָשָׁם. נִזְרַק דַּם הָאָשָׁם לֹא נֶהֱנִין וְלֹא מוֹעֲלִין עַד שֶׁיִּתְּנוּ מִמֶּנּוּ מַתְּנוֹתָיו. נָתְנוּ מִמֶּנּוּ הַמַּתָּנוֹת הֻתְּרוּ הַשְּׁיָרִים בַּאֲכִילָה כִּבְשַׂר חַטָּאת וְאָשָׁם:
כסף משנה
10.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to the log of oil brought by a person afflicted by tzara'at from the time that it was consecrated in a sacred vessel until the blood of the guilt offering was cast on the altar. Once the blood of the guilt-offering was cast, one should not benefit from it until the placements are made from it, but the prohibition against me'ilah no longer applies. After the placements were made, it is permitted for the priests to partake of the remainder of the oil like the meat of sin-offerings and guilt-offerings.הלכה יא
כָּל דָּמֵי שְׁחִיטַת הַקָּדָשִׁים אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ בֵּין לִפְנֵי כַּפָּרָה בֵּין לְאַחַר כַּפָּרָה עַד שֶׁיֵּצֵא לְנַחַל קִדְרוֹן. יָצָא לְנַחַל קִדְרוֹן מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהָיָה נִמְכַּר לְגַנּוֹת וְדָמָיו הֶקְדֵּשׁ. אֲבָל הַמַּקִּיז דָּם לְבֶהֱמַת קָדָשִׁים הֲרֵי הוּא אָסוּר בַּהֲנָיָה וּמוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ. הוֹאִיל וְאֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה לִחְיוֹת בְּלֹא דָּם הֲרֵי הוּא כְּגוּפָהּ:
כסף משנה
11.
The prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to any of the blood of sacrificial animals that were slaughtered whether before atonement is attained or after atonement is attained until it flows out to the Kidron River. Once it flows out to the Kidron River, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to it because it was sold as fertilizer for gardens and the proceeds of the sale are consecrated. If, however, one lets the blood of a consecrated animal, it is forbidden to benefit from that blood and the prohibition of me'ilah applies to it. Since the animal cannot exist without blood, it is considered as its body.הלכה יב
הָעֲצָמוֹת וְהַגִּידִים וְהַקַּרְנַיִם וְהַטְּלָפַיִם שֶׁפֵּרְשׁוּ מִקָּדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים לִפְנֵי זְרִיקַת דָּמִים מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. פֵּרְשׁוּ לְאַחַר זְרִיקַת דָּמִים אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. עַצְמוֹת הָעוֹלָה שֶׁפֵּרְשׁוּ לִפְנֵי זְרִיקָה אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן לְאַחַר זְרִיקָה שֶׁהַזְּרִיקָה מַתֶּרֶת אוֹתָם. וְאִם פֵּרְשׁוּ אַחַר זְרִיקָה מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן לְעוֹלָם. עַצְמוֹת הָעוֹלָה שֶׁפָּקְעוּ מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ קֹדֶם חֲצוֹת הַלַּיְלָה מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. לְאַחַר חֲצוֹת אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁפָּקְעוּ קֹדֶם חֲצוֹת כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ חֲצוֹת הַלַּיְלָה נַעֲשׂוּ כָּל הָאֵיבָרִים כְּמִי שֶׁנִּתְאַכְּלוּ וְנַעֲשׂוּ אֵפֶר:
כסף משנה
12.
With regard to the bones, the giddim, the horns, and the hoofs which were separated from sacrificial animals of the highest degree of sanctity. The prohibition against me'ilah applies to those separated before the blood was cast on the altar, but not to those which were separated after the blood was cast.With regard to the bones of a burnt-offering that were separated before the blood was cast on the altar, once the blood is cast, the prohibition no longer applies. The casting of the blood causes them to be permitted. If they were separated after the blood was cast, the prohibition against me'ilah applies to them forever.
When the bones of a burnt-offering fly off the altar before midnight, the prohibition against me'ilah applies. After midnight, that prohibition no longer applies even though they flew off before midnight. The rationale is that since midnight arrived, all of the bones are considered as if they have been consumed by fire and as if they have been reduced to ash.
הלכה יג
גַּחֶלֶת שֶׁפָּקְעָה מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ בֵּין לִפְנֵי חֲצוֹת בֵּין לְאַחַר חֲצוֹת לֹא נֶהֱנִין וְלֹא מוֹעֲלִין. אֲבָל גַּחֶלֶת שֶׁל קָדְשֵׁי בֶּדֶק הַבַּיִת מוֹעֲלִין בָּהּ. וְהַשַּׁלְהֶבֶת לֹא נֶהֱנִין וְלֹא מוֹעֲלִין:
כסף משנה
13.
When a coal flies off the altar - whether before midnight or after midnight - it is forbidden to benefit from it, but the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply. The prohibition against me'ilah applies to a coal that was consecrated for the improvement of the Temple. It is forbidden to benefit from a flame, but the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to it.הלכה יד
דֶּשֶׁן הַמִּזְבֵּחַ הַחִיצוֹן בֵּין קֹדֶם הֲרָמַת הַדֶּשֶׁן בֵּין אַחַר הֲרָמָה מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ:
כסף משנה
14.
The prohibition against me'ilah applies to the ashes of the outer altar, both before the ash is removed from the altar and after it was removed.הלכה טו
דִּשׁוּן הַמִּזְבֵּחַ הַפְּנִימִי וְדִשׁוּן הַמְּנוֹרָה לֹא נֶהֱנִין וְלֹא מוֹעֲלִין:
כסף משנה
15.
With regard to the ashes of the inner altar and the ashes of the Menorah, we may not benefit from them, but the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to them.הלכה טז
כָּל בֶּהֱמַת קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים שֶׁהִיא בַּעֲלַת מוּם בֵּין שֶׁקָּדַם מוּם קָבוּעַ לְהֶקְדֵּשָׁהּ בֵּין שֶׁקָּדַם הֶקְדֵּשָׁהּ לְמוּם קָבוּעַ וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיְתָה מְחֻסַּר זְמַן מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶם מִשֶּׁהֻקְדְּשׁוּ עַד שֶׁיִּפָּדוּ. אֲבָל תּוֹרִין שֶׁלֹּא הִגִּיעַ זְמַנָּן וּבְנֵי יוֹנָה שֶׁעָבַר זְמַנָּן וְהֵן קָדְשֵׁי מִזְבֵּחַ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָסוּר לֵהָנוֹת בָּהֶן הַנֶּהֱנֶה לֹא מָעַל. הוֹאִיל וְאֵינָן רְאוּיִין לְפִדְיוֹן הֲרֵי הֵם כַּחַטָּאוֹת הַמֵּתוֹת לְפִיכָךְ אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בָּהֶן:
כסף משנה
16.
Whenever there is an animal that was consecrated for a sacrifice of the most sacred order that contracted a disqualifying physical blemish - whether the blemish preceded its consecration or came afterwards - the prohibition against me'ilah applies until it is redeemed. This even applies if the animal is unable to be sacrificed because of a time factor.A different law applies with regard to turtle-doves whose time to be offered has not arrived and young doves whose time to be offered has passed that were consecrated to be offered on the altar. Even though it is forbidden to benefit from them, one who derives benefit has not violated the prohibition against me'ilah. The rationale is that since they are not fit to be redeemed, they are comparable to sin-offerings consigned to death. Therefore the prohibition against me'ilah does not apply to them.