14:1
14:2
14:3
14:4
14:5
14:6
14:7
14:8
14:9
14:10
14:11
14:12
14:13
14:14
14:15
14:16
14:17
14:18
14:19
14:20
14:21
14:22
14:23
14:24
14:25
14:26
14:27
14:28
14:29
14:30
14:31
14:32
14:33
14:34
14:35
14:36
14:37
14:38
14:39
14:40
14:41
14:42
14:43
14:44
14:45
14:46
14:47
14:48
14:49
14:50
14:51
14:52
Posuk
יד:א
וַיְהִ֣י הַיּ֗וֹם וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹנָתָ֤ן בֶּן־שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֙עַר֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו לְכָ֗ה וְנַעְבְּרָה֙ אֶל־מַצַּ֣ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַלָּ֑ז וּלְאָבִ֖יו לֹ֥א הִגִּֽיד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
1.
One day, Jonathan son of Saul said to the attendant who carried his arms, “Come, let us cross over to the Philistine garrison on the other side”; but he did not tell his father.יד:ב
וְשָׁא֗וּל יוֹשֵׁב֙ בִּקְצֵ֣ה הַגִּבְעָ֔ה תַּ֥חַת הָרִמּ֖וֹן אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּמִגְר֑וֹן וְהָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמּ֔וֹ כְּשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
2.
Now Saul was staying on the outskirts of Gibeah,<sup class="footnote-marker">a</sup><i class="footnote">See note j at 13.15.</i> under the pomegranate tree at Migron, and the troops with him numbered about 600.יד:ג
וַאֲחִיָּ֣ה בֶן־אֲחִט֡וּב אֲחִ֡י אִיכָב֣וֹד <b>׀</b> בֶּן־פִּֽינְחָ֨ס בֶּן־עֵלִ֜י כֹּהֵ֧ן <small>׀</small> יְהֹוָ֛ה בְּשִׁל֖וֹ נֹשֵׂ֣א אֵפ֑וֹד וְהָעָם֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י הָלַ֖ךְ יוֹנָתָֽן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
3.
Ahijah son of Ahitub brother of Ichabod son of Phinehas son of Eli, the priest of the L<small>ORD</small> at Shiloh, was there bearing an ephod.—The troops did not know that Jonathan had gone.יד:ד
וּבֵ֣ין הַֽמַּעְבְּר֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר בִּקֵּ֤שׁ יֽוֹנָתָן֙ לַעֲבֹר֙ עַל־מַצַּ֣ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים שֵׁן־הַסֶּ֤לַע מֵהָעֵ֙בֶר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְשֵׁן־הַסֶּ֥לַע מֵהָעֵ֖בֶר מִזֶּ֑ה וְשֵׁ֤ם הָאֶחָד֙ בּוֹצֵ֔ץ וְשֵׁ֥ם הָאֶחָ֖ד סֶֽנֶּה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
4.
<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i>At the crossing<sup class="endFootnote">-b</sup> by which Jonathan sought to reach the Philistine garrison, there was a rocky crag on one side, and another rocky crag on the other, the one called Bozez and the other Seneh.יד:ה
הַשֵּׁ֧ן הָאֶחָ֛ד מָצ֥וּק מִצָּפ֖וֹן מ֣וּל מִכְמָ֑שׂ וְהָאֶחָ֥ד מִנֶּ֖גֶב מ֥וּל גָּֽבַע׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
5.
One crag was located on the north, near Michmas, and the other on the south, near Geba.יד:ו
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹנָתָ֜ן אֶל־הַנַּ֣עַר <b>׀</b> נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֗יו לְכָה֙ וְנַעְבְּרָ֗ה אֶל־מַצַּב֙ הָעֲרֵלִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה אוּלַ֛י יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה לָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין לַֽיהֹוָה֙ מַעְצ֔וֹר לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ בְּרַ֖ב א֥וֹ בִמְעָֽט׃
רש"י
רד''ק
6.
Jonathan said to the attendant who carried his arms, “Come, let us cross over to the outpost of those uncircumcised fellows. Perhaps the L<small>ORD</small> will act in our behalf, for nothing prevents the L<small>ORD</small> from winning a victory by many or by few.”יד:ז
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו עֲשֵׂ֖ה כׇּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ נְטֵ֣ה לָ֔ךְ הִנְנִ֥י עִמְּךָ֖ כִּלְבָבֶֽךָ׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
7.
His arms-bearer answered him, “Do whatever <sup class="footnote-marker">c</sup><i class="footnote">Lit. “is in your heart. Incline yourself.” Septuagint reads “your heart inclines to.”</i>you like. You go first,<sup class="endFootnote">-c</sup> I am <sup class="footnote-marker">d</sup><i class="footnote">Lit. “with you, according to your heart.” Septuagint reads “with you; my heart is like your heart.”</i>with you, whatever you decide.”<sup class="endFootnote">-d</sup>יד:ח
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן הִנֵּ֛ה אֲנַ֥חְנוּ עֹבְרִ֖ים אֶל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְנִגְלִ֖ינוּ אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
8.
Jonathan said, “We’ll cross over to those men and let them see us.יד:ט
אִם־כֹּ֤ה יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ דֹּ֕מּוּ עַד־הַגִּיעֵ֖נוּ אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וְעָמַ֣דְנוּ תַחְתֵּ֔ינוּ וְלֹ֥א נַעֲלֶ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
9.
If they say to us, ‘Wait until we get to you,’ then we’ll stay where we are, and not go up to them.יד:י
וְאִם־כֹּ֨ה יֹאמְר֜וּ עֲל֤וּ עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙ וְעָלִ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־נְתָנָ֥ם יְהֹוָ֖ה בְּיָדֵ֑נוּ וְזֶה־לָּ֖נוּ הָאֽוֹת׃
רש"י
רד''ק
10.
But if they say, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up, for the L<small>ORD</small> is delivering them into our hands. That shall be our sign.”יד:יא
וַיִּגָּל֣וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם אֶל־מַצַּ֖ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הִנֵּ֤ה עִבְרִים֙ יֹֽצְאִ֔ים מִן־הַחֹרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִתְחַבְּאוּ־שָֽׁם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
11.
They both showed themselves to the Philistine outpost and the Philistines said, “Look, some Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they have been hiding.”יד:יב
וַיַּעֲנוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַמַּצָּבָ֜ה אֶת־יוֹנָתָ֣ן <b>׀</b> וְאֶת־נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ עֲל֣וּ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ וְנוֹדִ֥יעָה אֶתְכֶ֖ם דָּבָ֑ר <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br> וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹנָתָ֜ן אֶל־נֹשֵׂ֤א כֵלָיו֙ עֲלֵ֣ה אַחֲרַ֔י כִּֽי־נְתָנָ֥ם יְהֹוָ֖ה בְּיַ֥ד יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
12.
The men of the outpost shouted to Jonathan and his arms-bearer, “Come up to us, and we’ll teach you a lesson.” Then Jonathan said to his arms-bearer, “Follow me, for the L<small>ORD</small> will deliver them into the hands of Israel.”יד:יג
וַיַּ֣עַל יוֹנָתָ֗ן עַל־יָדָיו֙ וְעַל־רַגְלָ֔יו וְנֹשֵׂ֥א כֵלָ֖יו אַחֲרָ֑יו וַֽיִּפְּלוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יוֹנָתָ֔ן וְנֹשֵׂ֥א כֵלָ֖יו מְמוֹתֵ֥ת אַחֲרָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
13.
And Jonathan clambered up on his hands and feet, his arms-bearer behind him; [the Philistines] fell before Jonathan, and his arms-bearer finished them off behind him.יד:יד
וַתְּהִ֞י הַמַּכָּ֣ה הָרִאשֹׁנָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִכָּ֧ה יוֹנָתָ֛ן וְנֹשֵׂ֥א כֵלָ֖יו כְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים אִ֑ישׁ כְּבַחֲצִ֥י מַעֲנָ֖ה צֶ֥מֶד שָׂדֶֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
14.
The initial attack that Jonathan and his arms-bearer made accounted for some twenty men, <sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i>within a space about half a furrow long [in] an acre of land.<sup class="endFootnote">-b</sup>יד:טו
וַתְּהִי֩ חֲרָדָ֨ה בַמַּחֲנֶ֤ה בַשָּׂדֶה֙ וּבְכׇל־הָעָ֔ם הַמַּצָּב֙ וְהַמַּשְׁחִ֔ית חָרְד֖וּ גַּם־הֵ֑מָּה וַתִּרְגַּ֣ז הָאָ֔רֶץ וַתְּהִ֖י לְחֶרְדַּ֥ת אֱלֹהִֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
15.
Terror broke out among all the troops both in the camp [and] in the field; the outposts and the raiders were also terrified. The very earth quaked, and a terror from God ensued.יד:טז
וַיִּרְא֤וּ הַצֹּפִים֙ לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּגִבְעַ֖ת בִּנְיָמִ֑ן וְהִנֵּ֧ה הֶהָמ֛וֹן נָמ֖וֹג וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ וַהֲלֹֽם׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
16.
Saul’s scouts in Gibeah of Benjamin saw that the multitude was <sup class="footnote-marker">e</sup><i class="footnote">Lit. “shaken and going thither.” Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i>scattering in all directions.<sup class="endFootnote">-e</sup>יד:יז
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל לָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ פִּקְדוּ־נָ֣א וּרְא֔וּ מִ֖י הָלַ֣ךְ מֵעִמָּ֑נוּ וַֽיִּפְקְד֔וּ וְהִנֵּ֛ה אֵ֥ין יוֹנָתָ֖ן וְנֹשֵׂ֥א כֵלָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
17.
And Saul said to the troops with him, “Take a count and see who has left us.” They took a count and found that Jonathan and his arms-bearer were missing.יד:יח
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ לַֽאֲחִיָּ֔ה הַגִּ֖ישָׁה אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּֽי־הָיָ֞ה אֲר֧וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
18.
Thereupon Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the Ark<sup class="footnote-marker">f</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “ephod,” and cf. vv. 3, 23.9, 30.7.</i> of God here”; for the Ark<sup class="endFootnote">-f</sup> of God was at the time among<sup class="footnote-marker">g</sup><i class="footnote">Heb. “and.”</i> the Israelites.יד:יט
וַיְהִ֗י עַ֣ד דִּבֶּ֤ר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְהֶהָמ֗וֹן אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ הָל֖וֹךְ וָרָ֑ב <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br> וַיֹּ֧אמֶר שָׁא֛וּל אֶל־הַכֹּהֵ֖ן אֱסֹ֥ף יָדֶֽךָ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
19.
But while Saul was speaking to the priest, the confusion in the Philistine camp kept increasing; and Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.”יד:כ
וַיִּזָּעֵ֣ק שָׁא֗וּל וְכׇל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד־הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֨ה הָיְתָ֜ה חֶ֤רֶב אִישׁ֙ בְּרֵעֵ֔הוּ מְהוּמָ֖ה גְּדוֹלָ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
20.
Saul and the troops with him assembled and rushed into battle; they found [the Philistines] in very great confusion, every man’s sword turned against his fellow.יד:כא
וְהָעִבְרִ֗ים הָי֤וּ לַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ כְּאֶתְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָל֥וּ עִמָּ֛ם בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה סָבִ֑יב וְגַם־הֵ֗מָּה לִֽהְיוֹת֙ עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עִם־שָׁא֖וּל וְיוֹנָתָֽן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
21.
<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i>And the Hebrews who had previously sided with the Philistines, who had come up with them in the army [from] round about—they too joined the Israelites<sup class="endFootnote">-b</sup> who were with Saul and Jonathan.יד:כב
וְכֹל֩ אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הַמִּֽתְחַבְּאִ֤ים בְּהַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּי־נָ֖סוּ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ גַם־הֵ֛מָּה אַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
22.
When all the men of Israel who were hiding in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they too pursued them in battle.יד:כג
וַיּ֧וֹשַׁע יְהֹוָ֛ה בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהַ֨מִּלְחָמָ֔ה עָבְרָ֖ה אֶת־בֵּ֥ית אָֽוֶן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
23.
Thus the L<small>ORD</small> brought victory to Israel that day.<br>The fighting passed beyond Beth-aven.יד:כד
וְאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל נִגַּ֖שׂ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיֹּ֩אֶל֩ שָׁא֨וּל אֶת־הָעָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר אָר֣וּר הָ֠אִ֠ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֹ֨אכַל לֶ֜חֶם עַד־הָעֶ֗רֶב וְנִקַּמְתִּי֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבַ֔י וְלֹא־טָעַ֥ם כׇּל־הָעָ֖ם לָֽחֶם׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
24.
<sup class="footnote-marker">h</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain. Septuagint reads “And all the troops, about 10,000 men, were with Saul; and the battle spread into the hill country of Ephraim. Now Saul committed a rash act.”</i>The men of Israel were distressed<sup class="endFootnote">-h</sup> that day. For Saul had laid an oath upon the troops: “Cursed be the man who eats any food before night falls and I take revenge on my enemies.” So none of the troops ate anything.יד:כה
וְכׇל־הָאָ֖רֶץ בָּ֣אוּ בַיָּ֑עַר וַיְהִ֥י דְבַ֖שׁ עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
25.
Everybody came to a <sup class="footnote-marker">i</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain; cf. Song of Songs 5.1.</i>stack of beehives<sup class="endFootnote">-i</sup> where some honey had spilled on the ground.יד:כו
וַיָּבֹ֤א הָעָם֙ אֶל־הַיַּ֔עַר וְהִנֵּ֖ה הֵ֣לֶךְ דְּבָ֑שׁ וְאֵין־מַשִּׂ֤יג יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־פִּ֔יו כִּֽי־יָרֵ֥א הָעָ֖ם אֶת־הַשְּׁבֻעָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
26.
When the troops came to the beehives<sup class="footnote-marker">i</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain; cf. Song of Songs 5.1.</i> and found the flow of honey there, no one put<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> his hand to his mouth, for the troops feared the oath.יד:כז
וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן לֹא־שָׁמַ֗ע בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ אָבִיו֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶת־קְצֵ֤ה הַמַּטֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָד֔וֹ וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּיַעְרַ֣ת הַדְּבָ֑שׁ וַיָּ֤שֶׁב יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־פִּ֔יו <span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-k">(ותראנה)</span> <span class="mam-kq-q">[וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה]</span></span> עֵינָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
27.
Jonathan, however, had not heard his father adjure the troops. So he put out the stick he had with him, dipped it into the beehive of honey, and brought his hand back to his mouth; and his eyes lit up.יד:כח
וַיַּ֩עַן֩ אִ֨ישׁ מֵהָעָ֜ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַשְׁבֵּ֩עַ֩ הִשְׁבִּ֨יעַ אָבִ֤יךָ אֶת־הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָר֥וּר הָאִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֹ֥אכַל לֶ֖חֶם הַיּ֑וֹם וַיָּ֖עַף הָעָֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
28.
At this one of the soldiers spoke up, “Your father adjured the troops: ‘Cursed be the man who eats anything this day.’ And so the troops are faint.”יד:כט
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יֽוֹנָתָ֔ן עָכַ֥ר אָבִ֖י אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ רְאוּ־נָא֙ כִּי־אֹ֣רוּ עֵינַ֔י כִּ֣י טָעַ֔מְתִּי מְעַ֖ט דְּבַ֥שׁ הַזֶּֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
29.
Jonathan answered, “My father has brought trouble on the people. See for yourselves how my eyes lit up when I tasted that bit of honey.יד:ל
אַ֗ף כִּ֡י לוּא֩ אָכֹ֨ל אָכַ֤ל הַיּוֹם֙ הָעָ֔ם מִשְּׁלַ֥ל אֹיְבָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָצָ֑א כִּ֥י עַתָּ֛ה לֹא־רָבְתָ֥ה מַכָּ֖ה בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
30.
If only the troops had eaten today of spoil captured from the enemy, the defeat of the Philistines would have been greater still!”יד:לא
וַיַּכּ֞וּ בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מִמִּכְמָ֖שׂ אַיָּלֹ֑נָה וַיָּ֥עַף הָעָ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
31.
They struck down the Philistines that day from Michmas to Aijalon, and the troops were famished.יד:לב
<span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-k">(ויעש)</span> <span class="mam-kq-q">[וַיַּ֤עַט]</span></span> הָעָם֙ אֶל־<span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-q">[הַשָּׁלָ֔ל]</span> <span class="mam-kq-k">(שלל)</span></span> וַיִּקְח֨וּ צֹ֧אן וּבָקָ֛ר וּבְנֵ֥י בָקָ֖ר וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־אָ֑רְצָה וַיֹּ֥אכַל הָעָ֖ם עַל־הַדָּֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
32.
The troops pounced on the spoil; they took the sheep and cows and calves and slaughtered them on the ground, and the troops ate with the blood.<sup class="footnote-marker">j</sup><i class="footnote">I.e., without the proper rites.</i>יד:לג
וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ לְשָׁאוּל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֥ה הָעָ֛ם חֹטִ֥אים לַיהֹוָ֖ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל עַל־הַדָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר בְּגַדְתֶּ֔ם גֹּלּוּ־אֵלַ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם אֶ֥בֶן גְּדוֹלָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
33.
When it was reported to Saul that the troops were sinning against the L<small>ORD</small>, eating with the blood, he said, “You have acted faithlessly. Roll a large stone over to me today.”<sup class="footnote-marker">k</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “here.”</i>יד:לד
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֣וּל פֻּ֣צוּ בָעָ֡ם וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֣ם לָהֶ֡ם הַגִּ֣ישׁוּ אֵלַי֩ אִ֨ישׁ שׁוֹר֜וֹ וְאִ֣ישׁ שְׂיֵ֗הוּ וּשְׁחַטְתֶּ֤ם בָּזֶה֙ וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֔ם וְלֹא־תֶחֶטְא֥וּ לַיהֹוָ֖ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶל־הַדָּ֑ם וַיַּגִּ֨שׁוּ כׇל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׁוֹר֧וֹ בְיָד֛וֹ הַלַּ֖יְלָה וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־שָֽׁם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
34.
And Saul ordered, “Spread out among the troops and tell them that everyone must bring me his ox or his sheep and slaughter it here, and then eat. You must not sin against the L<small>ORD</small> and eat with the blood.” Every one of the troops brought <sup class="footnote-marker">l</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “whatever he had in his possession.”</i>his own ox with him<sup class="endFootnote">-l</sup> that night and slaughtered it there.יד:לה
וַיִּ֧בֶן שָׁא֛וּל מִזְבֵּ֖חַ לַיהֹוָ֑ה אֹת֣וֹ הֵחֵ֔ל לִבְנ֥וֹת מִזְבֵּ֖חַ לַיהֹוָֽה׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
35.
Thus Saul set up an altar to the L<small>ORD</small>; it was the first altar he erected to the L<small>ORD</small>.יד:לו
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֡וּל נֵרְדָ֣ה אַחֲרֵי֩ פְלִשְׁתִּ֨ים <small>׀</small> לַ֜יְלָה וְֽנָבֹ֥זָה בָהֶ֣ם <b>׀</b> עַד־א֣וֹר הַבֹּ֗קֶר וְלֹֽא־נַשְׁאֵ֤ר בָּהֶם֙ אִ֔ישׁ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כׇּל־הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵׂ֑ה <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span> וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן נִקְרְבָ֥ה הֲלֹ֖ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
36.
Saul said, “Let us go down after the Philistines by night and plunder among them until the light of morning; and let us not leave a single survivor among them.” “Do whatever you please,” they replied. But the priest said, “Let us approach God here.”יד:לז
וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל שָׁאוּל֙ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֔ים הַֽאֵרֵד֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הֲתִתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֥א עָנָ֖הוּ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַהֽוּא׃
רש"י
רד''ק
37.
So Saul inquired of God, “Shall I go down after the Philistines? Will You deliver them into the hands of Israel?” But this time He did not respond to him.יד:לח
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל גֹּ֣שֽׁוּ הֲלֹ֔ם כֹּ֖ל פִּנּ֣וֹת הָעָ֑ם וּדְע֣וּ וּרְא֔וּ בַּמָּ֗ה הָ֥יְתָ֛ה הַחַטָּ֥את הַזֹּ֖את הַיּֽוֹם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
38.
Then Saul said, “Come forward, all chief officers of the troops, and find out how this guilt was incurred today.יד:לט
כִּ֣י חַי־יְהֹוָ֗ה הַמּוֹשִׁ֙יעַ֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֧י אִם־יֶשְׁנ֛וֹ בְּיוֹנָתָ֥ן בְּנִ֖י כִּ֣י מ֣וֹת יָמ֑וּת וְאֵ֥ין עֹנֵ֖הוּ מִכׇּל־הָעָֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
39.
For as the L<small>ORD</small> lives who brings victory to Israel, even if it was through my son Jonathan, he shall be put to death!” Not one soldier answered him.יד:מ
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַתֶּם֙ תִּֽהְיוּ֙ לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֔ד וַֽאֲנִי֙ וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנִ֔י נִהְיֶ֖ה לְעֵ֣בֶר אֶחָ֑ד וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵֽׂה׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
40.
And he said to all the Israelites, “You stand on one side, and my son Jonathan and I shall stand on the other.” The troops said to Saul, “Do as you please.”יד:מא
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל אֶל־יְהֹוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הָ֣בָה תָמִ֑ים וַיִּלָּכֵ֧ד יוֹנָתָ֛ן וְשָׁא֖וּל וְהָעָ֥ם יָצָֽאוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
41.
Saul then said to the L<small>ORD</small>, the God of Israel, <sup class="footnote-marker">m</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain. Septuagint reads “Why have You not responded to Your servant today? If this iniquity was due to my son Jonathan or to me, O Lord, God of Israel, show Urim; and if You say it was due to Your people Israel, show Thummim.”</i>“Show Thammim.”<sup class="endFootnote">-m</sup> Jonathan and Saul were indicated by lot, and the troops were cleared.יד:מב
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל הַפִּ֕ילוּ בֵּינִ֕י וּבֵ֖ין יוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנִ֑י וַיִּלָּכֵ֖ד יוֹנָתָֽן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
42.
And Saul said, “Cast the lots between my son and me”; and Jonathan was indicated.יד:מג
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־י֣וֹנָתָ֔ן הַגִּ֥ידָה לִּ֖י מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֑יתָה וַיַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ יוֹנָתָ֗ן וַיֹּ֩אמֶר֩ טָעֹ֨ם טָעַ֜מְתִּי בִּקְצֵ֨ה הַמַּטֶּ֧ה אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָדִ֛י מְעַ֥ט דְּבַ֖שׁ הִנְנִ֥י אָמֽוּת׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
43.
Saul said to Jonathan, “Tell me, what have you done?” And Jonathan told him, “I only tasted a bit of honey with the tip of the stick in my hand. I am ready to die.”יד:מד
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל כֹּה־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וְכֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֑ף כִּי־מ֥וֹת תָּמ֖וּת יוֹנָתָֽן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
44.
Saul said, “Thus and more may God do:<sup class="footnote-marker">n</sup><i class="footnote">Many mss. and Septuagint add “to me.”</i> You shall be put to death, Jonathan!”יד:מה
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָעָ֜ם אֶל־שָׁא֗וּל הֲֽיוֹנָתָ֤ן <small>׀</small> יָמוּת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָ֠שָׂ֠ה הַיְשׁוּעָ֨ה הַגְּדוֹלָ֣ה הַזֹּאת֮ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל֒ חָלִ֗ילָה חַי־יְהֹוָה֙ אִם־יִפֹּ֞ל מִשַּׂעֲרַ֤ת רֹאשׁוֹ֙ אַ֔רְצָה כִּֽי־עִם־אֱלֹהִ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ה הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וַיִּפְדּ֥וּ הָעָ֛ם אֶת־יוֹנָתָ֖ן וְלֹא־מֵֽת׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
45.
But the troops said to Saul, “Shall Jonathan die, after bringing this great victory to Israel? Never! As the L<small>ORD</small> lives, not a hair of his head shall fall to the ground! For he brought this day to pass with the help of God.” Thus the troops saved Jonathan and he did not die.יד:מו
וַיַּ֣עַל שָׁא֔וּל מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים הָלְכ֥וּ לִמְקוֹמָֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
46.
Saul broke off his pursuit of the Philistines, and the Philistines returned to their homes.יד:מז
וְשָׁא֛וּל לָכַ֥ד הַמְּלוּכָ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּלָּ֣חֶם סָבִ֣יב <small>׀</small> בְּֽכׇל־אֹיְבָ֡יו בְּמוֹאָ֣ב <b>׀</b> וּבִבְנֵֽי־עַמּ֨וֹן וּבֶאֱד֜וֹם וּבְמַלְכֵ֤י צוֹבָה֙ וּבַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּבְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יִפְנֶ֖ה יַרְשִֽׁיעַ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
47.
After Saul had secured his kingship over Israel, he waged war on every side against all his enemies: against the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, the Philistines, and the kings<sup class="footnote-marker">o</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint and 4QSama read “king.”</i> of Zobah; and wherever he turned he worsted [them].יד:מח
וַיַּ֣עַשׂ חַ֔יִל וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֑ק וַיַּצֵּ֥ל אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִיַּ֥ד שֹׁסֵֽהוּ׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
48.
He was triumphant, defeating the Amalekites and saving Israel from those who plundered it.יד:מט
וַיִּֽהְיוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל יוֹנָתָ֥ן וְיִשְׁוִ֖י וּמַלְכִּי־שׁ֑וּעַ וְשֵׁם֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י בְנֹתָ֔יו שֵׁ֤ם הַבְּכִירָה֙ מֵרַ֔ב וְשֵׁ֥ם הַקְּטַנָּ֖ה מִיכַֽל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
49.
Saul’s sons were: Jonathan, Ishvi,<sup class="footnote-marker">p</sup><i class="footnote">The same as Ishbosheth (2 Sam. 2.8) and Eshbaal (1 Chron. 8.33).</i> and Malchishua; and the names of his two daughters were Merab, the older, and Michal, the younger.יד:נ
וְשֵׁם֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת שָׁא֔וּל אֲחִינֹ֖עַם בַּת־אֲחִימָ֑עַץ וְשֵׁ֤ם שַׂר־צְבָאוֹ֙ אֲבִינֵ֔ר בֶּן־נֵ֖ר דּ֥וֹד שָׁאֽוּל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
50.
The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam daughter of Ahimaaz; and the name of his army commander was Abiner<sup class="footnote-marker">q</sup><i class="footnote">Usually “Abner.”</i> son of Saul’s uncle Ner.יד:נא
וְקִ֧ישׁ אֲבִֽי־שָׁא֛וּל וְנֵ֥ר אֲבִֽי־אַבְנֵ֖ר בֶּן־אֲבִיאֵֽל׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
51.
Kish, Saul’s father, and Ner, Abner’s father, were sons of Abiel.יד:נב
וַתְּהִ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ חֲזָקָ֣ה עַל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י שָׁא֑וּל וְרָאָ֨ה שָׁא֜וּל כׇּל־אִ֤ישׁ גִּבּוֹר֙ וְכׇל־בֶּן־חַ֔יִל וַיַּאַסְפֵ֖הוּ אֵלָֽיו׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק