17:1
17:2
17:3
17:4
17:5
17:6
17:7
17:8
17:9
17:10
17:11
17:12
17:13
17:14
17:15
17:16
17:17
17:18
17:19
17:20
17:21
17:22
17:23
17:24
17:25
17:26
17:27
17:28
17:29
17:30
17:31
17:32
17:33
17:34
17:35
17:36
17:37
17:38
17:39
17:40
17:41
17:42
17:43
17:44
17:45
17:46
17:47
17:48
17:49
17:50
17:51
17:52
17:53
17:54
17:55
17:56
17:57
17:58
Posuk
יז:א
וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֶת־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ שֹׂכֹ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִֽיהוּדָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בֵּין־שׂוֹכֹ֥ה וּבֵין־עֲזֵקָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
1.
The Philistines assembled their forces for battle; they massed at Socoh of Judah, and encamped at Ephes-dammim, between Socoh and Azekah.יז:ב
וְשָׁא֤וּל וְאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נֶֽאֶסְפ֔וּ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֑ה וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
2.
Saul and the men of Israel massed and encamped in the valley of Elah. They drew up their line of battle against the Philistines,יז:ג
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים עֹמְדִ֤ים אֶל־הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹמְדִ֥ים אֶל־הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וְהַגַּ֖יְא בֵּינֵיהֶֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
3.
with the Philistines stationed on one hill and Israel stationed on the opposite hill; the ravine was between them.יז:ד
וַיֵּצֵ֤א אִֽישׁ־הַבֵּנַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּחֲנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים גׇּלְיָ֥ת שְׁמ֖וֹ מִגַּ֑ת גׇּבְה֕וֹ שֵׁ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת וָזָֽרֶת׃
רש"י
רד''ק
4.
A champion<sup class="footnote-marker">a</sup><i class="footnote">Lit. “the man of the space between,” i.e., between the armies.</i> of the Philistine forces stepped forward; his name was Goliath of Gath, and he was six cubits and a span tall.יז:ה
וְכ֤וֹבַע נְחֹ֙שֶׁת֙ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וְשִׁרְי֥וֹן קַשְׂקַשִּׂ֖ים ה֣וּא לָב֑וּשׁ וּמִשְׁקַל֙ הַשִּׁרְי֔וֹן חֲמֵשֶׁת־אֲלָפִ֥ים שְׁקָלִ֖ים נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃
רש"י
רד''ק
5.
He had a bronze helmet on his head, and wore a breastplate of scale armor, a bronze breastplate weighing five thousand shekels.יז:ו
וּמִצְחַ֥ת נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל־רַגְלָ֑יו וְכִיד֥וֹן נְחֹ֖שֶׁת בֵּ֥ין כְּתֵפָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
6.
He had bronze greaves on his legs, and a bronze javelin [slung] from his shoulders.יז:ז
<span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-k">(וחץ)</span> <span class="mam-kq-q">[וְעֵ֣ץ]</span></span> חֲנִית֗וֹ כִּמְנוֹר֙ אֹֽרְגִ֔ים וְלַהֶ֣בֶת חֲנִית֔וֹ שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת שְׁקָלִ֖ים בַּרְזֶ֑ל וְנֹשֵׂ֥א הַצִּנָּ֖ה הֹלֵ֥ךְ לְפָנָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
7.
The shaft of his spear was like a weaver’s bar, and the iron head of his spear weighed six hundred shekels; and the shield-bearer marched in front of him.יז:ח
וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד וַיִּקְרָא֙ אֶל־מַעַרְכֹ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תֵצְא֖וּ לַעֲרֹ֣ךְ מִלְחָמָ֑ה הֲל֧וֹא אָנֹכִ֣י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וְאַתֶּם֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּרוּ־לָכֶ֥ם אִ֖ישׁ וְיֵרֵ֥ד אֵלָֽי׃
רש"י
רד''ק
8.
He stopped and called out to the ranks of Israel and he said to them, “Why should you come out to engage in battle? I am the Philistine [champion], and you are Saul’s servants. Choose<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> one of your men and let him come down against me.יז:ט
אִם־יוּכַ֞ל לְהִלָּחֵ֤ם אִתִּי֙ וְהִכָּ֔נִי וְהָיִ֥ינוּ לָכֶ֖ם לַעֲבָדִ֑ים וְאִם־אֲנִ֤י אֽוּכַל־לוֹ֙ וְהִכִּיתִ֔יו וִהְיִ֤יתֶם לָ֙נוּ֙ לַעֲבָדִ֔ים וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֖ם אֹתָֽנוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
9.
If he bests me in combat and kills me, we will become your slaves; but if I best him and kill him, you shall be our slaves and serve us.”יז:י
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אֲנִ֗י חֵרַ֛פְתִּי אֶת־מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה תְּנוּ־לִ֣י אִ֔ישׁ וְנִֽלָּחֲמָ֖ה יָֽחַד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
10.
And the Philistine ended, “I herewith defy the ranks of Israel. Get me a man and let’s fight it out!”יז:יא
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
11.
When Saul and all Israel heard these words of the Philistine, they were dismayed and terror-stricken.יז:יב
וְדָוִד֩ בֶּן־אִ֨ישׁ אֶפְרָתִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֙חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה וּשְׁמ֣וֹ יִשַׁ֔י וְל֖וֹ שְׁמֹנָ֣ה בָנִ֑ים וְהָאִישׁ֙ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל זָקֵ֖ן בָּ֥א בַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
12.
David was the son of a certain Ephrathite of Bethlehem in Judah whose name was Jesse. He had eight sons, and in the days of Saul the man was already old, advanced in years.<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i>יז:יג
וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת בְּנֵֽי־יִשַׁי֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֥וּ אַחֲרֵֽי־שָׁא֖וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְשֵׁ֣ם <b>׀</b> שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָֽלְכוּ֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה אֱלִיאָ֣ב הַבְּכ֗וֹר וּמִשְׁנֵ֙הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖י שַׁמָּֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
13.
The three oldest sons of Jesse had left and gone with Saul to the war. The names of his three sons who had gone to the war were Eliab the first-born, the next Abinadab, and the third Shammah;יז:יד
וְדָוִ֖ד ה֣וּא הַקָּטָ֑ן וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
14.
and David was the youngest. The three oldest had followed Saul,יז:טו
וְדָוִ֛ד הֹלֵ֥ךְ וָשָׁ֖ב מֵעַ֣ל שָׁא֑וּל לִרְע֛וֹת אֶת־צֹ֥אן אָבִ֖יו בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
15.
and David would go back and forth from attending on Saul to shepherd his father’s flock at Bethlehem.יז:טז
וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְהַעֲרֵ֑ב וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יֽוֹם׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
16.
The Philistine stepped forward morning and evening and took his stand for forty days.יז:יז
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִשַׁ֜י לְדָוִ֣ד בְּנ֗וֹ קַח־נָ֤א לְאַחֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵיפַ֤ת הַקָּלִיא֙ הַזֶּ֔ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֥ה לֶ֖חֶם הַזֶּ֑ה וְהָרֵ֥ץ הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה לְאַחֶֽיךָ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
17.
Jesse said to his son David, “Take an <i>ephah</i> of this parched corn and these ten loaves of bread for your brothers, and carry them quickly to your brothers in camp.יז:יח
וְ֠אֵ֠ת עֲשֶׂ֜רֶת חֲרִצֵ֤י הֶחָלָב֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה תָּבִ֖יא לְשַׂר־הָאָ֑לֶף וְאֶת־אַחֶ֙יךָ֙ תִּפְקֹ֣ד לְשָׁל֔וֹם וְאֶת־עֲרֻבָּתָ֖ם תִּקָּֽח׃
רש"י
רד''ק
18.
Take these ten cheeses<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> to the captain of their thousand. Find out how your brothers are and bring some token<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> from them.”יז:יט
וְשָׁא֤וּל וְהֵ֙מָּה֙ וְכׇל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּעֵ֖מֶק הָאֵלָ֑ה נִלְחָמִ֖ים עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
19.
Saul and <sup class="footnote-marker">c</sup><i class="footnote">Heb. “they.”</i>the brothers<sup class="endFootnote">-c</sup> and all the men of Israel were in the valley of Elah, in the war against the Philistines.יז:כ
וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם דָּוִ֜ד בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּטֹּ֤שׁ אֶת־הַצֹּאן֙ עַל־שֹׁמֵ֔ר וַיִּשָּׂ֣א וַיֵּ֔לֶךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖הוּ יִשָׁ֑י וַיָּבֹא֙ הַמַּעְגָּ֔לָה וְהַחַ֗יִל הַיֹּצֵא֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֣עֲרָכָ֔ה וְהֵרֵ֖עוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
20.
Early next morning, David left someone in charge of the flock, took [the provisions], and set out, as his father Jesse had instructed him. He reached the barricade<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> as the army was going out to the battle lines shouting the war cry.יז:כא
וַתַּעֲרֹ֤ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מַעֲרָכָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את מַעֲרָכָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
21.
Israel and the Philistines drew up their battle lines opposite each other.יז:כב
וַיִּטֹּשׁ֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶת־הַכֵּלִ֜ים מֵעָלָ֗יו עַל־יַד֙ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַכֵּלִ֔ים וַיָּ֖רׇץ הַמַּעֲרָכָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֕א וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל לְאֶחָ֖יו לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
22.
David left his baggage with the man in charge of the baggage and ran toward the battle line and went to greet his brothers.יז:כג
וְה֣וּא <b>׀</b> מְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמָּ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֣ה אִ֣ישׁ הַבֵּנַ֡יִם עוֹלֶ֞ה גׇּלְיָת֩ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י שְׁמ֤וֹ מִגַּת֙ <span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-k">(ממערות)</span> <span class="mam-kq-q">[מִמַּעַרְכ֣וֹת]</span></span> פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיְדַבֵּ֖ר כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע דָּוִֽד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
23.
While he was talking to them, the champion, whose name was Goliath, the Philistine of Gath, stepped forward from the Philistine ranks and spoke the same words as before; and David heard him.יז:כד
וְכֹל֙ אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בִּרְאוֹתָ֖ם אֶת־הָאִ֑ישׁ וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ מִפָּנָ֔יו וַיִּֽירְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
24.
When the men of Israel saw the man, they fled in terror.יז:כה
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר <b>׀</b> אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הַרְּאִיתֶם֙ הָאִ֤ישׁ הָֽעֹלֶה֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֛י לְחָרֵ֥ף אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עֹלֶ֑ה וְֽ֠הָיָ֠ה הָאִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יַכֶּ֜נּוּ יַעְשְׁרֶ֥נּוּ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ <b>׀</b> עֹ֣שֶׁר גָּד֗וֹל וְאֶת־בִּתּוֹ֙ יִתֶּן־ל֔וֹ וְאֵת֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה חׇפְשִׁ֖י בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
25.
And the men of Israel were saying [among themselves], “Do you see that man coming out? He comes out to defy Israel! The man who kills him will be rewarded by the king with great riches; he will also give him his daughter in marriage and grant exemption<sup class="footnote-marker">d</sup><i class="footnote">I.e., freedom from royal levies.</i> to his father’s house in Israel.”יז:כו
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד אֶֽל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֞ים הָעֹמְדִ֣ים עִמּוֹ֮ לֵאמֹר֒ מַה־יֵּעָשֶׂ֗ה לָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַכֶּה֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַלָּ֔ז וְהֵסִ֥יר חֶרְפָּ֖ה מֵעַ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֣י מִ֗י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֤י הֶעָרֵל֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י חֵרֵ֔ף מַעַרְכ֖וֹת אֱלֹהִ֥ים חַיִּֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
26.
David asked the men standing near him, “What will be done for the man who kills that Philistine and removes the disgrace from Israel? Who is that uncircumcised Philistine that he dares defy the ranks of the living God?”יז:כז
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ הָעָ֔ם כַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֣ה יֵעָשֶׂ֔ה לָאִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַכֶּֽנּוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
27.
The troops told him in the same words what would be done for the man who killed him.יז:כח
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֱלִיאָב֙ אָחִ֣יו הַגָּד֔וֹל בְּדַבְּר֖וֹ אֶל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וַיִּֽחַר־אַף֩ אֱלִיאָ֨ב בְּדָוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר <b>׀</b> לָמָּה־זֶּ֣ה יָרַ֗דְתָּ וְעַל־מִ֨י נָטַ֜שְׁתָּ מְעַ֨ט הַצֹּ֤אן הָהֵ֙נָּה֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר אֲנִ֧י יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶת־זְדֹנְךָ֗ וְאֵת֙ רֹ֣עַ לְבָבֶ֔ךָ כִּ֗י לְמַ֛עַן רְא֥וֹת הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה יָרָֽדְתָּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
28.
When Eliab, his oldest brother, heard him speaking to the men, Eliab became angry with David and said, “Why did you come down here, and with whom did you leave those few sheep in the wilderness? I know your impudence and your impertinence:<sup class="footnote-marker">e</sup><i class="footnote">Lit. “badness of heart.”</i> you came down to watch the fighting!”יז:כט
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד מֶ֥ה עָשִׂ֖יתִי עָ֑תָּה הֲל֖וֹא דָּבָ֥ר הֽוּא׃
רש"י
רד''ק
29.
But David replied, “What have I done now? I was only asking!”יז:ל
וַיִּסֹּ֤ב מֵֽאֶצְלוֹ֙ אֶל־מ֣וּל אַחֵ֔ר וַיֹּ֖אמֶר כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַיְשִׁבֻ֤הוּ הָעָם֙ דָּבָ֔ר כַּדָּבָ֖ר הָרִאשֽׁוֹן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
30.
And he turned away from him toward someone else; he asked the same question, and the troops gave him the same answer as before.יז:לא
וַיִּשָּֽׁמְעוּ֙ הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֣ר דָּוִ֑ד וַיַּגִּ֥דוּ לִפְנֵֽי־שָׁא֖וּל וַיִּקָּחֵֽהוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
31.
The things David said were overheard and were reported to Saul, who had him brought over.יז:לב
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל אַל־יִפֹּ֥ל לֵב־אָדָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו עַבְדְּךָ֣ יֵלֵ֔ךְ וְנִלְחַ֖ם עִם־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥י הַזֶּֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
32.
David said to Saul, “Let <sup class="footnote-marker">f</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “not my lord’s.”</i>no man’s<sup class="endFootnote">-f</sup> courage fail him. Your servant will go and fight that Philistine!”יז:לג
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד לֹ֤א תוּכַל֙ לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־נַ֣עַר אַ֔תָּה וְה֛וּא אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִנְּעֻרָֽיו׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
33.
But Saul said to David, “You cannot go to that Philistine and fight him; you are only a boy, and he has been a warrior from his youth!”יז:לד
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל רֹעֶ֨ה הָיָ֧ה עַבְדְּךָ֛ לְאָבִ֖יו בַּצֹּ֑אן וּבָ֤א הָאֲרִי֙ וְאֶת־הַדּ֔וֹב וְנָשָׂ֥א שֶׂ֖ה מֵהָעֵֽדֶר׃
רש"י
רד''ק
34.
David replied to Saul, “Your servant has been tending his father’s sheep, and if a lion or<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> a bear came and carried off an animal from the flock,יז:לה
וְיָצָ֧אתִי אַחֲרָ֛יו וְהִכִּתִ֖יו וְהִצַּ֣לְתִּי מִפִּ֑יו וַיָּ֣קׇם עָלַ֔י וְהֶחֱזַ֙קְתִּי֙ בִּזְקָנ֔וֹ וְהִכִּתִ֖יו וַהֲמִיתִּֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
35.
I would go after it and fight it and rescue it from its mouth. And if it attacked me, I would seize it by the beard and strike it down and kill it.יז:לו
גַּ֧ם אֶֽת־הָאֲרִ֛י גַּם־הַדֹּ֖ב הִכָּ֣ה עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ וְֽ֠הָיָ֠ה הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י הֶעָרֵ֤ל הַזֶּה֙ כְּאַחַ֣ד מֵהֶ֔ם כִּ֣י חֵרֵ֔ף מַעַרְכֹ֖ת אֱלֹהִ֥ים חַיִּֽים׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
36.
Your servant has killed both lion and bear; and that uncircumcised Philistine shall end up like one of them, for he has defied the ranks of the living God.יז:לז
וַיֹּאמֶר֮ דָּוִד֒ יְהֹוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִצִּלַ֜נִי מִיַּ֤ד הָֽאֲרִי֙ וּמִיַּ֣ד הַדֹּ֔ב ה֣וּא יַצִּילֵ֔נִי מִיַּ֥ד הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַזֶּ֑ה <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span> וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֤וּל אֶל־דָּוִד֙ לֵ֔ךְ וַיהֹוָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֥ה עִמָּֽךְ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
37.
The L<small>ORD</small>,” David went on, “who saved me from lion and bear will also save me from that Philistine.” “Then go,” Saul said to David, “and may the L<small>ORD</small> be with you!”יז:לח
וַיַּלְבֵּ֨שׁ שָׁא֤וּל אֶת־דָּוִד֙ מַדָּ֔יו וְנָתַ֛ן ק֥וֹבַע נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיַּלְבֵּ֥שׁ אֹת֖וֹ שִׁרְיֽוֹן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
38.
Saul clothed David in his own garment; he placed a bronze helmet on his head and fastened <sup class="footnote-marker">g</sup><i class="footnote">Heb. “clothed him in a breastplate” (cf. v. 5), because a breastplate was combined with a leather jerkin.</i>a breastplate on him.<sup class="endFootnote">-g</sup>יז:לט
וַיַּחְגֹּ֣ר דָּוִ֣ד אֶת־חַ֠רְבּ֠וֹ מֵעַ֨ל לְמַדָּ֜יו וַיֹּ֣אֶל לָלֶכֶת֮ כִּ֣י לֹֽא־נִסָּה֒ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל־שָׁא֗וּל לֹ֥א אוּכַ֛ל לָלֶ֥כֶת בָּאֵ֖לֶּה כִּ֣י לֹ֣א נִסִּ֑יתִי וַיְסִרֵ֥ם דָּוִ֖ד מֵעָלָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
39.
David girded his sword over his garment. Then he <sup class="footnote-marker">h</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “was unable to walk, for…”</i>tried to walk; but<sup class="endFootnote">-h</sup> he was not used to it. And David said to Saul, “I cannot walk in these, for I am not used to them.” So David took them off.יז:מ
וַיִּקַּ֨ח מַקְל֜וֹ בְּיָד֗וֹ וַיִּבְחַר־ל֣וֹ חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה חַלֻּקֵֽי־אֲבָנִ֣ים <small>׀</small> מִן־הַנַּ֡חַל וַיָּ֣שֶׂם אֹ֠תָ֠ם בִּכְלִ֨י הָרֹעִ֧ים אֲשֶׁר־ל֛וֹ וּבַיַּלְק֖וּט וְקַלְע֣וֹ בְיָד֑וֹ וַיִּגַּ֖שׁ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי׃
רש"י
רד''ק
40.
He took his stick, picked a few<sup class="footnote-marker">i</sup><i class="footnote">Lit. “five.”</i> smooth stones from the wadi, put them in the pocket<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> of his shepherd’s bag and, sling in hand, he went toward the Philistine.יז:מא
וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י הֹלֵ֥ךְ וְקָרֵ֖ב אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וְהָאִ֛ישׁ נֹשֵׂ֥א הַצִּנָּ֖ה לְפָנָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
41.
The Philistine, meanwhile, was coming closer to David, preceded by his shield-bearer.יז:מב
וַיַּבֵּ֧ט הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י וַיִּרְאֶ֥ה אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד וַיִּבְזֵ֑הוּ כִּֽי־הָיָ֣ה נַ֔עַר וְאַדְמֹנִ֖י עִם־יְפֵ֥ה מַרְאֶֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
42.
When the Philistine caught sight of David, he scorned him, for he was but a boy, ruddy and handsome.יז:מג
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד הֲכֶ֣לֶב אָנֹ֔כִי כִּֽי־אַתָּ֥ה בָֽא־אֵלַ֖י בַּמַּקְל֑וֹת וַיְקַלֵּ֧ל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בֵּאלֹהָֽיו׃
רש"י
רד''ק
43.
And the Philistine called out to David, “Am I a dog that you come against me with sticks?” The Philistine cursed David by his gods;יז:מד
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד לְכָ֣ה אֵלַ֔י וְאֶתְּנָה֙ אֶת־בְּשָׂ֣רְךָ֔ לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
44.
and the Philistine said to David, “Come here, and I will give your flesh to the birds of the sky and the beasts of the field.”יז:מה
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אַתָּה֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י בְּחֶ֖רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֣ית וּבְכִיד֑וֹן וְאָנֹכִ֣י בָֽא־אֵלֶ֗יךָ בְּשֵׁם֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֛י מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר חֵרַֽפְתָּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
45.
David replied to the Philistine, “You come against me with sword and spear and javelin; but I come against you in the name of the L<small>ORD</small> of Hosts, the God of the ranks of Israel, whom you have defied.יז:מו
הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֡ה יְסַגֶּרְךָ֩ יְהֹוָ֨ה בְּיָדִ֜י וְהִכִּיתִ֗ךָ וַהֲסִרֹתִ֤י אֶת־רֹֽאשְׁךָ֙ מֵעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָ֨תַתִּ֜י פֶּ֣גֶר מַחֲנֵ֤ה פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְחַיַּ֣ת הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ כׇּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֛י יֵ֥שׁ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
46.
This very day the L<small>ORD</small> will deliver you into my hands. I will kill you and cut off your head; and I will give <sup class="footnote-marker">j</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “your carcass and the carcasses.”</i>the carcasses<sup class="endFootnote">-j</sup> of the Philistine camp to the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth. All the earth shall know that there is a God in<sup class="footnote-marker">k</sup><i class="footnote">So many Heb. mss. and ancient versions; other mss. and the editions read “to.”</i> Israel.יז:מז
וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ כׇּל־הַקָּהָ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה כִּי־לֹ֛א בְּחֶ֥רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֖ית יְהוֹשִׁ֣יעַ יְהֹוָ֑ה כִּ֤י לַֽיהֹוָה֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְנָתַ֥ן אֶתְכֶ֖ם בְּיָדֵֽנוּ׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
47.
And this whole assembly shall know that the L<small>ORD</small> can give victory without sword or spear. For the battle is the L<small>ORD</small>’s, and He will deliver you into our hands.”יז:מח
וְהָיָה֙ כִּי־קָ֣ם הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ וַיִּקְרַ֖ב לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֑ד וַיְמַהֵ֣ר דָּוִ֔ד וַיָּ֥רׇץ הַמַּעֲרָכָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי׃
רש"י
רד''ק
48.
When the Philistine began to advance toward him again, David quickly ran up to the battle line to face the Philistine.יז:מט
וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶת־יָד֜וֹ אֶל־הַכֶּ֗לִי וַיִּקַּ֨ח מִשָּׁ֥ם אֶ֙בֶן֙ וַיְקַלַּ֔ע וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י אֶל־מִצְח֑וֹ וַתִּטְבַּ֤ע הָאֶ֙בֶן֙ בְּמִצְח֔וֹ וַיִּפֹּ֥ל עַל־פָּנָ֖יו אָֽרְצָה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
49.
David put his hand into the bag; he took out a stone and slung it. It struck the Philistine in the forehead; the stone sank into his forehead, and he fell face down on the ground.יז:נ
וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק דָּוִ֤ד מִן־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ בַּקֶּ֣לַע וּבָאֶ֔בֶן וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִתֵ֑הוּ וְחֶ֖רֶב אֵ֥ין בְּיַד־דָּוִֽד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
50.
Thus David bested the Philistine with sling and stone; he struck him down and killed him. David had no sword;יז:נא
וַיָּ֣רׇץ דָּ֠וִ֠ד וַיַּעֲמֹ֨ד אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־חַ֠רְבּ֠וֹ וַֽיִּשְׁלְפָ֤הּ מִתַּעְרָהּ֙ וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ וַיִּכְרׇת־בָּ֖הּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיִּרְא֧וּ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים כִּי־מֵ֥ת גִּבּוֹרָ֖ם וַיָּנֻֽסוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
51.
so David ran up and stood over the Philistine, grasped his sword and pulled it from its sheath; and with it he dispatched him and cut off his head.<br>When the Philistines saw that their warrior was dead, they ran.יז:נב
וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִיהוּדָ֜ה וַיָּרִ֗עוּ וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ֣ גַ֔יְא וְעַ֖ד שַׁעֲרֵ֣י עֶקְר֑וֹן וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ חַֽלְלֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם וְעַד־גַּ֖ת וְעַד־עֶקְרֽוֹן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
52.
The men of Israel and Judah rose up with a war cry and they pursued the Philistines all the way to Gai<sup class="footnote-marker">l</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “Gath”; cf. end of verse.</i> and up to the gates of Ekron; the Philistines fell mortally wounded along the road to Shaarim up to Gath and Ekron.יז:נג
וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִדְּלֹ֖ק אַחֲרֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיָּשֹׁ֖סּוּ אֶת־מַחֲנֵיהֶֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
53.
Then the Israelites returned from chasing the Philistines and looted their camp.יז:נד
וַיִּקַּ֤ח דָּוִד֙ אֶת־רֹ֣אשׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ יְרֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְאֶת־כֵּלָ֖יו שָׂ֥ם בְּאׇהֳלֽוֹ׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
54.
David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem;<sup class="footnote-marker">m</sup><i class="footnote">I.e., after David’s capture of Jerusalem (2 Sam. 5).</i> and he put his weapons in his own tent.יז:נה
וְכִרְא֨וֹת שָׁא֜וּל אֶת־דָּוִ֗ד יֹצֵא֙ לִקְרַ֣את הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אָמַ֗ר אֶל־אַבְנֵר֙ שַׂ֣ר הַצָּבָ֔א בֶּן־מִי־זֶ֥ה הַנַּ֖עַר אַבְנֵ֑ר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְנֵ֔ר חֵֽי־נַפְשְׁךָ֥ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אִם־יָדָֽעְתִּי׃
רש"י
רד''ק
55.
When Saul saw David going out to assault the Philistine, he asked his army commander Abner, “Whose son is that boy, Abner?” And Abner replied, “By your life, Your Majesty, I do not know.”יז:נו
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ שְׁאַ֣ל אַתָּ֔ה בֶּן־מִי־זֶ֖ה הָעָֽלֶם׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
56.
“Then find out whose son that young fellow is,” the king ordered.יז:נז
וּכְשׁ֣וּב דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽהַכּוֹת֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ לִפְנֵ֣י שָׁא֑וּל וְרֹ֥אשׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י בְּיָדֽוֹ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
57.
So when David returned after killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him to Saul, with the head of the Philistine still in his hand.יז:נח
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ שָׁא֔וּל בֶּן־מִ֥י אַתָּ֖ה הַנָּ֑עַר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד בֶּֽן־עַבְדְּךָ֥ יִשַׁ֖י בֵּ֥ית הַלַּחְמִֽי׃
רש"י
רד''ק