Posuk
ט:א
הָעָם֙ הַהֹלְכִ֣ים בַּחֹ֔שֶׁךְ רָא֖וּ א֣וֹר גָּד֑וֹל יֹֽשְׁבֵי֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ צַלְמָ֔וֶת א֖וֹר נָגַ֥הּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
1.
<sup class="footnote-marker">a</sup><i class="footnote">See note j at 5.30.</i>The people that walked in darkness<br>Have seen a brilliant light;<br>On those who dwelt in a land of gloom<br>Light has dawned.ט:ב
הִרְבִּ֣יתָ הַגּ֔וֹי <span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-k">(לא)</span> <span class="mam-kq-q">[ל֖וֹ]</span></span> הִגְדַּ֣לְתָּ הַשִּׂמְחָ֑ה שָׂמְח֤וּ לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ כְּשִׂמְחַ֣ת בַּקָּצִ֔יר כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָגִ֖ילוּ בְּחַלְּקָ֥ם שָׁלָֽל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
2.
You have magnified that nation,<br>Have given it great joy;<br>They have rejoiced before You<br>As they rejoice at reaping time,<br>As they exult<br>When dividing spoil.<br>ט:ג
כִּ֣י <b>׀</b> אֶת־עֹ֣ל סֻבֳּל֗וֹ וְאֵת֙ מַטֵּ֣ה שִׁכְמ֔וֹ שֵׁ֖בֶט הַנֹּגֵ֣שׂ בּ֑וֹ הַחִתֹּ֖תָ כְּי֥וֹם מִדְיָֽן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
3.
For the yoke that they bore<br>And the stick on their back—<br>The rod of their taskmaster—<br>You have broken as on the day of Midian.<sup class="footnote-marker">b</sup><i class="footnote">See Judg. 7–8.</i>ט:ד
כִּ֤י כׇל־סְאוֹן֙ סֹאֵ֣ן בְּרַ֔עַשׁ וְשִׂמְלָ֖ה מְגוֹלָלָ֣ה בְדָמִ֑ים וְהָיְתָ֥ה לִשְׂרֵפָ֖ה מַאֲכֹ֥לֶת אֵֽשׁ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
4.
Truly, all the boots put on <sup class="footnote-marker">c</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain; emendation yields “in wickedness”; cf. Targum.</i>to stamp with<sup class="endFootnote">-c</sup><br>And all the garments donned in infamy<br>Have been fed to the flames,<br>Devoured by fire.ט:ה
כִּי־יֶ֣לֶד יֻלַּד־לָ֗נוּ בֵּ֚ן נִתַּן־לָ֔נוּ וַתְּהִ֥י הַמִּשְׂרָ֖ה עַל־שִׁכְמ֑וֹ וַיִּקְרָ֨א שְׁמ֜וֹ פֶּ֠לֶא יוֹעֵץ֙ אֵ֣ל גִּבּ֔וֹר אֲבִי־עַ֖ד שַׂר־שָׁלֽוֹם׃
רש"י
רד''ק
5.
For a child has been born to us,<br>A son has been given us.<br>And authority has settled on his shoulders.<br>He has been named<br>“The Mighty God is planning grace;<sup class="footnote-marker">d</sup><i class="footnote">As in 25.1.</i><br>The Eternal Father, a peaceable ruler”—ט:ו
<span class="mam-kq"><span class="mam-kq-k">(לם רבה)</span> <span class="mam-kq-q">[לְמַרְבֵּ֨ה]</span></span> הַמִּשְׂרָ֜ה וּלְשָׁל֣וֹם אֵֽין־קֵ֗ץ עַל־כִּסֵּ֤א דָוִד֙ וְעַל־מַמְלַכְתּ֔וֹ לְהָכִ֤ין אֹתָהּ֙ וּֽלְסַעֲדָ֔הּ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּבִצְדָקָ֑ה מֵעַתָּה֙ וְעַד־עוֹלָ֔ם קִנְאַ֛ת יְהֹוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת תַּעֲשֶׂה־זֹּֽאת׃ <span class="mam-spi-pe">{פ}</span><br>
רש"י
רד''ק
6.
In token of abundant authority<br>And of peace without limit<br>Upon David’s throne and kingdom,<br>That it may be firmly established<br>In justice and in equity<br>Now and evermore.<br>The zeal of the L<small>ORD</small> of Hosts<br>Shall bring this to pass.<br>ט:ז
דָּבָ֛ר שָׁלַ֥ח אֲדֹנָ֖י בְּיַעֲקֹ֑ב וְנָפַ֖ל בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
רש"י
רד''ק
7.
My Lord<br><sup class="footnote-marker">e</sup><i class="footnote">Septuagint reads “Let loose pestilence”; cf. Amos 4.10. In vv. 7–20 Isaiah alludes to and builds upon Amos 4.10–12.</i>Let loose a word<sup class="endFootnote">-e</sup> against Jacob<br>And it fell upon Israel.ט:ח
וְיָֽדְעוּ֙ הָעָ֣ם כֻּלּ֔וֹ אֶפְרַ֖יִם וְיוֹשֵׁ֣ב שֹׁמְר֑וֹן בְּגַאֲוָ֛ה וּבְגֹ֥דֶל לֵבָ֖ב לֵאמֹֽר׃
רש"י
רד''ק
8.
But all the people noted<sup class="footnote-marker">f</sup><i class="footnote">1QIsa reads “shouted.”</i>—<br>Ephraim and the inhabitants of Samaria—<br>In arrogance and haughtiness:ט:ט
לְבֵנִ֥ים נָפָ֖לוּ וְגָזִ֣ית נִבְנֶ֑ה שִׁקְמִ֣ים גֻּדָּ֔עוּ וַאֲרָזִ֖ים נַחֲלִֽיף׃
רש"י
רד''ק
9.
“Bricks have fallen—<br>We’ll rebuild with dressed stone;<br>Sycamores have been felled—<br>We’ll grow cedars instead!”ט:י
וַיְשַׂגֵּ֧ב יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־צָרֵ֥י רְצִ֖ין עָלָ֑יו וְאֶת־אֹיְבָ֖יו יְסַכְסֵֽךְ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
10.
So the L<small>ORD</small> let <sup class="footnote-marker">g</sup><i class="footnote">Emendation yields “its enemies.”</i>the enemies of Rezin<sup class="endFootnote">-g</sup><br>Triumph over it<br>And stirred up its foes—ט:יא
אֲרָ֣ם מִקֶּ֗דֶם וּפְלִשְׁתִּים֙ מֵאָח֔וֹר וַיֹּאכְל֥וּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּכׇל־פֶּ֑ה בְּכׇל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
11.
Aram from the east<br>And Philistia from the west—<br>Who devoured Israel<br>With greedy mouths.<br><br>Yet His anger has not turned back,<br>And His arm is outstretched still.<br>ט:יב
וְהָעָ֥ם לֹא־שָׁ֖ב עַד־הַמַּכֵּ֑הוּ וְאֶת־יְהֹוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת לֹ֥א דָרָֽשׁוּ׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק
12.
For the people has not turned back<br>To Him who struck it<br>And has not sought<br>The L<small>ORD</small> of Hosts.ט:יג
וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת יְהֹוָ֜ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל רֹ֧אשׁ וְזָנָ֛ב כִּפָּ֥ה וְאַגְמ֖וֹן י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃
רש"י
רד''ק
13.
So the L<small>ORD</small> will cut off from Israel<br>Head and tail,<br>Palm branch and reed,<br>In a single day.ט:יד
זָקֵ֥ן וּנְשֽׂוּא־פָנִ֖ים ה֣וּא הָרֹ֑אשׁ וְנָבִ֥יא מֽוֹרֶה־שֶּׁ֖קֶר ה֥וּא הַזָּנָֽב׃
רש"י
רד''ק
14.
Elders <sup class="footnote-marker">h</sup><i class="footnote">Emendation yields “who practice partiality.”</i>and magnates<sup class="endFootnote">-h</sup>—<br>Such are the heads;<br>Prophets who give false instruction,<br>Such are the tails<sup class="footnote-marker">i</sup><i class="footnote">Emendation yields “palm branches”; the elders and the prophets are the leaders, the people are the led; cf. 3.1–2, 12.</i>ט:טו
וַיִּֽהְי֛וּ מְאַשְּׁרֵ֥י הָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה מַתְעִ֑ים וּמְאֻשָּׁרָ֖יו מְבֻלָּעִֽים׃
רש"י
רד''ק
15.
That people’s leaders have been misleaders,<br>So they that are led have been confused.ט:טז
עַל־כֵּ֨ן עַל־בַּחוּרָ֜יו לֹא־יִשְׂמַ֣ח <b>׀</b> אֲדֹנָ֗י וְאֶת־יְתֹמָ֤יו וְאֶת־אַלְמְנוֹתָיו֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔ם כִּ֤י כֻלּוֹ֙ חָנֵ֣ף וּמֵרַ֔ע וְכׇל־פֶּ֖ה דֹּבֵ֣ר נְבָלָ֑ה בְּכׇל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃
רש"י
רד''ק
16.
That is why my Lord<br>Will not spare<sup class="footnote-marker">j</sup><i class="footnote">Cf. Arabic samuḥa. 1QIsa reads yḥmw.</i> their youths,<br>Nor show compassion<br>To their orphans and widows;<br>For all are ungodly and wicked,<br>And every mouth speaks impiety.<br>ט:יז
כִּֽי־בָעֲרָ֤ה כָאֵשׁ֙ רִשְׁעָ֔ה שָׁמִ֥יר וָשַׁ֖יִת תֹּאכֵ֑ל וַתִּצַּת֙ בְּסִֽבְכֵ֣י הַיַּ֔עַר וַיִּֽתְאַבְּכ֖וּ גֵּא֥וּת עָשָֽׁן׃
רש"י
רד''ק
17.
Already wickedness has blazed forth like a fire<br>Devouring thorn and thistle.<br>It has kindled the thickets of the wood,<br><sup class="footnote-marker">k</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i>Which have turned into billowing smoke.<sup class="endFootnote">-k</sup><br><br><sup class="footnote-marker">l</sup><i class="footnote">Moved down from v. 16 for clarity.</i>Yet His anger has not turned back,<br>And His arm is outstretched still.<sup class="endFootnote">-l</sup><br>ט:יח
בְּעֶבְרַ֛ת יְהֹוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת נֶעְתַּ֣ם אָ֑רֶץ וַיְהִ֤י הָעָם֙ כְּמַאֲכֹ֣לֶת אֵ֔שׁ אִ֥ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֖יו לֹ֥א יַחְמֹֽלוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
18.
By the fury of the L<small>ORD</small> of Hosts,<br>The earth was shaken.<sup class="footnote-marker">m</sup><i class="footnote">Cf. note at 5.25.</i><br>Next, the people became like devouring fire:<br>No man spared his countryman.ט:יט
וַיִּגְזֹ֤ר עַל־יָמִין֙ וְרָעֵ֔ב וַיֹּ֥אכַל עַל־שְׂמֹ֖אול וְלֹ֣א שָׂבֵ֑עוּ אִ֥ישׁ בְּשַׂר־זְרֹע֖וֹ יֹאכֵֽלוּ׃
רש"י
רד''ק
19.
They snatched on the right, but remained hungry,<br>And consumed on the left without being sated.<br>Each devoured the flesh of his <sup class="footnote-marker">n</sup><i class="footnote">Meaning of Heb. uncertain. Emendation yields “fellow”; cf. Targum.</i>own kindred<sup class="endFootnote">-n</sup>—ט:כ
מְנַשֶּׁ֣ה אֶת־אֶפְרַ֗יִם וְאֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶת־מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה יַחְדָּ֥ו הֵ֖מָּה עַל־יְהוּדָ֑ה בְּכׇל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃ <span class="mam-spi-samekh">{ס}</span>
רש"י
רד''ק